The problem with writing articles is that it forces you to take a small piece of something complicated and say a little about it. In a book you have more space to explore the issues at length - which neatly bring me to Impotence: a Cultural History by Angus McLaren, Chicago Press, 2007. This is a fascinating historical survey of cultural attitudes towards impotence through the ages. It starts with the Greeks and Romans and slowly works its way up to modern times. To some extent, it retreads the same ground as the History of Sexuality by Michel Foucault (in three volumes) but without the same depth of philosophical postmodernism to inform it. Some readers may prefer McLaren because he is more descriptive than analytical.

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The difficulty for men can be stated simply. Rather than being judged by their ability to write a book, men are conditioned to judge themselves by their ability to have penetrative sex. If this fails, men are told that there is some shameful defect in their masculinity. Most respond by casting around to find someone else to blame. The conventional response is that women have failed to excite them. So, for example, the mythology of witches in Europe and the early American settlements was based, in part, on the proposition that spells can rob men of their virility.

This simplistic view of gender, distinguishing purely between the functioning male and female, ignores all the shades of sexuality that may manifest in bisexuality, homosexuality, transgender behaviour, etc. By defining maleness by a single criterion of physical performance, it marginalises all the other factors of affection, love and commitment which may affect sexual desire. Worse, it overlooks all the treatable physical conditions that may cause impotence.

As McLaren takes us through history, we see every excuse for failure come into and pass out of fashion. More distressingly, we are told of all the treatments sold by the medical profession over the centuries, many of which are extraordinary by modern standards. Now instead of all the guesswork of the past, we are offered the “truth”. This is erectile dysfunction - a plumbing problem that can be solved by taking viagra professional. Look around and you will see the hard sell of adverts (pun intended) for these pills. Yet, the implication of these adverts is no more true than Freudian notions that performance weakens when childhood memories interfere with adult lives. Although viagra does effectively restore erectile function, it is a “magic” fig leaf to cover the lack of understanding about the real causes of the problem.

More realistically, McLaren argues that impotence is not really a medical disorder to be treated. It is more a collection of concepts and ideas that have been used to define gender roles and expectations. If we take the word “orgasm” and try to explain what it means, we are immediately lost in a world of subjective impressions. It is always easy to fall back on physical explanations of the mechanics of arousal and consummation. But actually listing the main sensations and emotions in a way that captures their universal significance is a serious challenge. Then trying to place the definition in a context of social relationships, some acceptable, others less so, turns the entire exercise into a minefield of taboo issues.

The book is a highly informative study of social attitudes through the ages. Having read it, it would not be unfair to conclude that our attitudes today are little different to those that defined men in Ancient Rome and Greece. The only difference, I suppose, is that rather than having to eat something disgusting or soak your penis in something potentially dangerous, we can now simply take canadian viagra while reading the last few pages of the book and then be ready to enjoy sexual activity for the rest of the night without having to work about philosophical niceties.

Researchers at the University of Alberta have shown that canadian viagra, the popular drug prescribed for erectile dysfunction, can improve heart function and potentially save the lives of people with specific heart problems.

Viagra’s unexpected benefit has led the U of A researchers to encourage doctors to consider the drug when a patient has a failing right ventricle of the heart, a dire condition for which there are currently no treatments available.

The research will appear in Circulation, a journal of the American Heart Association.

“There are a number of medical conditions in both children and adults for which there is a need to boost the performance of the right ventricle, and this drug can be clinically and immediately relevant to help these patients,” said Dr. Jayan Nagendran, a cardiac surgery resident at the U of A and the first author of the paper.

“Sometimes the right ventricle can fail rapidly and even result in death, like in lung transplant surgery, for example. In such a case, Viagra may increase the right ventricle’s performance and save the patient.” Nagendran added.

“We have a number of drugs and therapies available to treat the left ventricle of the heart to prevent it from failing or to treat it after it has failed, but we don’t have anything for the right ventricle. The phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, which include Viagra, Cialis and Levitra, may offer some important benefits in this case,” said Dr. Evangelos Michelakis, a U of A cardiologist, the Canada Research Chair in Pulmonary Hypertension and the senior author of the paper.

In a healthy person, phosphodiesterase type 5 constricts arteries in two places in the body - the lungs and the penis. In the lungs, it prevents excessively low blood pressure. In the penis, it prevents excessive engorgement.

However, undue phosphodiesterase type 5 can constrict these arteries too much and cause problems, as it does in the case of pulmonary hypertension, where lung arteries constrict and put a strain on the right ventricle of the heart. Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors allow the arteries to relax so that blood can flow more easily.

In 2002, a U of A research team led by Michelakis published the first evidence that canadian viagra may improve pulmonary hypertension in humans. This work was later conformed by larger trials and canadian viagra soft tabs - sold under the name Revatio - is now approved all over the world for pulmonary hypertension.

Researchers assumed Viagra’s benefit in pulmonary hypertension is restricted to its ability to relax the lung arteries. In fact, there was evidence phosphodiesterase type 5 was not expressed in the normal ventricles, explaining the lack of viagra soft tabs effects on the normal heart.

However, the U of A researchers, acting on a hunch, studied human hearts and showed that phosphodiesterase type 5 is expressed in large amounts in thickened (hypertrophied) right ventricles, but not in healthy hearts. They replicated their results in animal models and also showed that canadian viagra soft tabs enhanced the output of hypertrophied right ventricles.

Michelakis noted that this might be the first example of a drug that can improve the function of the right ventricle (which is diseased in pulmonary hypertension), without affecting the left ventricle (which is normal in pulmonary hypertension).

“This selectivity is important and has direct clinical implications,” Michelakis added. “Relaxing the lung arteries alone may not be sufficient to help the patient, if the right ventricle is too weak to push blood through them. A drug such as canadian viagra, with a combined beneficial effect both in the lung arteries and the right ventricle of the heart, offers a significant advantage.”

“Generic Viagra is a drug that millions of people take every year, and we’ve just learned something new and essential about how it works,” Nagendran said.

Michelakis agreed, adding, “This drug can have an immediate and direct clinical application, so we’re pretty excited about these findings.“

What are these vitamins and what are the best sources for these? Do they really work?

Erectile dysfunction is considered a major problem among men especially if they want to enjoy their sexual relations. While this can be a major turn-off for a lot of women and a total frustration to men, there are some trigger factors that are beyond control which contributes to such a problem. Some of these factors involve certain medications, hormonal problems and psychological disturbances.

Men would be pleased to know that there are some vitamins for erectile dysfunction that offers some promise. Although there had been some sort of debate and several controversies governing how such vitamins can help men solve erectile dysfunction, still, it would not hurt to try them.

Nutrition plays a role in every man’s well-being. Therefore, taking these vitamins can spell a huge difference in a man’s performance in bed and over-all wellness to make him feel good and become more confident.

Vitamin C for instance had always been known to boost one’s immune system, improve resistance against diseases and infections and as an antioxidant. Aside from these great health benefits, Vitamin C can also improve a man’s sexual capacity.

Furthermore, taking certain vitamins and supplements leads to the increase in the body’s nitric oxide. Nitric Oxide enhances a man’s ability to maintain erection. L Arginine is an amino acid which is also a nitric acid precursor. It leads to the creation of nitric oxide and increased blood flow.

Getting adequate vitamins and minerals can contribute to the treatment of erectile dysfunction. There are certain chemical processes in the body that are triggered when adequate nutrients are taken.

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These chemical processes lead to production of much needed elements which are then responsible in making the body more responsive to stimuli. Vitamins for erectile dysfunction should be taken into good consideration as they can create a healthier and safer option for men. Research which canada viagra pills contain the vitamins for erectile dysfunction, so you can enjoy love making every time.

One of the signature symptoms of Andropause is erectile dysfunction (ED). An embarrassing, nerve-wrecking experience, ED is when a male cannot perform for his female partner. In layman’s terms, it is the inability to have an erect penis during sexual activity.

It is the primary issue amongst men in regards to their sex lives. Let’s become acquainted with how a full erection works and why this condition exists.

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Men under the influence of Andropause have erectile dysfunction no matter what’s on their mind. Thinking of a nude Playboy centerfold model would likely induce pleasant and sexual thoughts into a man. Sexual thoughts, however detailed or brief they may be, are produced in the brain. After all, the brain is responsible for thinking. These sexual thoughts directly spark nerve signals down through the spinal cord and into the muscles of the penis. These nerves send a flow of blood running through the arteries in the penis while it is in a relaxed state, building pressure.

A man without Andropause can have a constant, steady flow of blood flowing to his penis arteries in a good amount. The more blood that flows down there, the harder and longer your erection will be! When sexual thoughts creep out of your mind and you’re focused on another activity, your penis returns to its relaxed state. We can guess Andropause sufferers are going to have to do something else rather than think about that nude Playboy model to obtain an erection!

Erectile dysfunction can attribute to psychological causes. Psychological causes can include having fear of our female partners (especially when it is a specific person with whom we feel shy with), depression, lack of self esteem, and cluelessness as to what to do with certain parts of the female anatomy. Our bodies are exposed ¨to the air¨ and we often times feel ashamed of what we look like to our partners. Mind thoughts and emotions that are pessimistic in nature not only affect your mental state, but the performance of your penis as well.

As with other medical conditions, the effects of impotence can be magnified if we do not follow a proper health regimen. The top dog in promoting erectile dysfunction is the use of drugs, particularly the cancer sticks you find over the counter – we all know which one that is. Cigarettes reduce the amount of blood flow to the penis. Undergoing surgery and prescription drugs also contribute to the problem, like tranquilizers, medications for seizures, beta blockers, and diuretics. Even a simple over the counter drug like NyQuil Cold & Sinus (a decongestant) can reduce blood flow to the penis, at least temporarily.

We’ve probably all seen those commercials before. You know, the one with Rafael Palmeiro (major league baseball player in his late 30´s) promoting the use of a special pill known throughout the globe as canada Viagra online. Canadian Viagra is a staple of American culture – the subject of endless tonight show monologue jokes and a popular conversation topic anywhere. At a cursory glance, Viagra may seem like a sideshow attraction, but its been proven to be one of the most effective drugs you can take for erectile dysfunction.
Buy Canadian Viagra requires a doctors prescription, but it is so readily available you can get away without one. Before considering going on this pill, maintain a healthy lifestyle and build up those testosterone levels naturally. Make a visit to your doctor to discuss a proper dosage and see if canadian Viagra is right for you. Remember, there are many erectile dysfunction pills out there – the goal is to see which best suits your condition. Don’t fret over this condition – with the plethora of solutions and medications combating this problem, you’ll be sure to be fine in no time.

ED is divided into organic (having to do with a bodily organ or organ system) and psychogenic (mental) impotence, but most men with organic causes have a mental or psychological component as well.

Physical causes

• An erection works by allowing blood into the spongy tissues of the penis but stopping it from flowing back out again. Anything affecting the arteries, veins or nerves that supply the penis will influence the ability to have an erection. These can include:

• Medicines such as anti-depressants and drugs for high-blood pressure (such as ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers);

• Alcohol, smoking, and taking illegal drugs;

• Conditions that affect the nerves or blood supply, such as multiple sclerosis or a stroke;

• Diabetes, which can sometimes cause a problem with the nervous system; Blood vessel conditions such as blocked arteries (for example, caused by high cholesterol levels);

• Hormonal conditions, such as not having enough testosterone in your body, or having too much of another hormone called prolactin;

• Conditions affecting the erectile tissue of the penis, such as prostate cancer;

• Serious long-term conditions such as kidney or liver failure.

As you get older, you’re more likely to have another condition that causes erection problems, such as heart disease or diabetes. But that doesn’t mean you shouldn’t seek treatment for your erection problems, as well as the underlying condition.

Psychological causes

Some of the most common psychological causes of erectile dysfunction include:
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Stress or anxiety, Depression, and Relationship or sexual identity issues. Sometimes an occasional erection problem caused by a minor everyday problem such as a few too many drinks, or a particularly hard day at work, can begin a cycle of worrying. This can turn into a psychological cause of further erectile difficulties.

Treatment

Treatment depends on the cause. Testosterone supplements may be used for cases with hormonal deficiency. However, usually the cause is lack of adequate penile blood supply as a result of age-dependent damage of inner walls of blood vessels. Previously, medical substances (e.g. apomorphine) were directly injected into the erectile tissue of penile shaft to treat impotence. In some cases refractory to the medical treatment, a penile implant (penile prosthesis) could be advised. After the discovery of orally active agents that increase the efficacy of NO, which dilates the blood vessels of corpora cavernosa, more conservative methods started to be used.

The prescription PDE5 inhibitors canadian Viagra, generic Viagra and Viagra are prescription drugs which are taken orally. They work by blocking the action of PDE5, which causes cGMP to degrade. cGMP causes the smooth muscle of the arteries in the penis to relax, allowing the corpus cavernosum to fill with blood.